Harold Bloom’s Western Canon: Democratic Age

C. The Democratic Age

“I have located Vico’s Democratic Age in the post-Goethean nineteenth century, when the literature of Italy and Spain ebbs, yielding eminence to England with its renaissance of the Renaissance in Romanticism, and to a lesser degree to France and Germany. This is also the era where the strength of both Russian and American literature begins.”
(Bloom, p. 540)
Italy
* Ugo Foscolo
On Sepulchres
Last Letters of Jacopo Ortis
Odes and The Graces
* Alessandro Manzoni
The Betrothed
On the Historical Novel
* Giacomo Leopardi
Essays and Dialogues
Poems
The Moral Essays
* Giuseppe Gioacchino Belli
Roman Sonnets
* Giosué Carducci
Hymn to Satan
Barbarian Odes
Rhymes and Rhythms
* Giovanni Verga
Little Novels of Sicily
Mastro-Don Gesualdo
The House by the Medlar Tree
The She-Wolf and Other Stories
Spain and Portugal
* Gustavo Adolpho Bécquer
Poems
* Benito Pérez Galdós
Fortunata and Jacinta
* Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)
La Regenta
* José Maria de Eça de Queirós
The Maias
France
* Benjamin Constant
Adolphe
The Red Notebook
* François-Auguste-René de Chateaubriand
Attala
René
The Genius of Christianity
* Alphonse de Lamartine
Meditations
* Alfred de Vigny
Chatterton
Poems
* Victor Hugo
The Distance, the Shadows: Selected Poems
Les Misérables
Notre-Dame of Paris
William Shakespeare
The Toilers of the Sea
The End of Satan
God
* Alfred de Musset
Poems
Lorenzaccio
* Gérard de Nerval
The Chimeras
Sylvie
Aurelia
* Théophile Gautier
Mademoiselle de Maupin
Enamels and Cameos
* Honoré de Balzac
The Girl with the Golden Eyes
Louis Lambert
The Wild Ass’s Skin
Old Goriot
Cousin Bette
A Harlot High and Low
Eugénie Grandet
Ursule Mirouet
* Stendhal
On Love
The Red and the Black
The Charterhouse of Parma
* Gustave Flaubert
Madame Bovary
Sentimental Education
Salammbô
A Simple Soul
* George Sand
The Haunted Pool
* Charles Baudelaire
Flowers of Evil
Paris Spleen
* Stéphane Mallarmé
Selected Poetry and Prose
* Paul Verlaine
Selected Poems
* Arthur Rimbaud
Complete Works
* Tristan Corbière
Les Armours Jaunes
* Jules Laforgue
Selected Writings
* Guy de Maupassant
Selected Short Stories
* Émile Zola
Germinal
L’Assommoir
Nana
Scandinavia
* Henrik Ibsen
Brand
Peer Gynt
Emperor and Galilean
Hedda Gabler
The Master Builder
The Lady from the Sea
When We Dead Awaken
* August Strindberg
To Damascus
Miss Julie
The Father
The Dance of Death
The Ghost Sonata
A Dream Play
Great Britain
* Robert Burns
Poems
* William Blake
Complete Poetry and Prose
* William Wordsworth
Poems
The Prelude
* Sir Walter Scott
Waverley
The Heart of Midlothian
Redgauntlet
Old Mortality
* Jane Austen
Pride and Prejudice
Emma
Mansfield Park
Persuasion
* Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Poems and Prose
* Dorothy Wordsworth
The Grasmere Journal
* William Hazlitt
Essays and Criticism
* Lord Byron
Don Juan
Poems
* William Savage Landor
Poems
Imaginary Conversations
* Thomas De Quincey
Confessions of an English Opium Eater
Selected Prose
* Charles Lamb
Essays
* Maria Edgeworth
Castle Rackrent
* John Galt
The Entail
* Elizabeth Gaskell
Cranford
Mary Barton
North and South
* James Hogg
The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner
* Charles Maturin
Melmoth the Wanderer
* Percy Bysshe Shelley
Poems
A Defence of Poetry
* Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley
Frankenstein
* John Clare
Poems
* John Keats
Poems and Letters
* Thomas Lovell Beddoes
Death’s Jest-Book
Poems
* George Darley
Nepenthe
Poems
* Thomas Hood
Poems
* Thomas Wade
Poems
* Robert Browning
Poems
The Ring and the Book
* Charles Dickens
The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club
David Copperfield
The Adventures of Oliver Twist
A Tale of Two Cities
Bleak House
Hard Times
Nicholas Nickleby
Dombey and Son
Great Expectations
Martin Chuzzlewit
Christmas Stories
Little Dorrit
Our Mutual Friend
The Mystery of Edwin Drood
* Alfred, Lord Tennyson
Poems
* Dante Gabriel Rossetti
Poems and Translations
* Matthew Arnold
Poems
Essays
* Arthur Hugh Clough
Poems
* Christina Rossetti
Poems
* Thomas Love Peacock
Nightmare Abbey
Gryll Grange
* Gerald Manley Hopkins
Poems and Prose
* Thomas Carlyle
Selected Prose
Sartor Resartus
* John Ruskin
Modern Painters
The Stones of Venice
Unto This Last
The Queen of the Air
* Walter Pater
Studies in the History of the Renaissance
Appreciations
Imaginary Portraits
Marius the Epicurean
* Edward FitzGerald
The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam
* John Stuart Mill
On Liberty
Autobiography
* John Henry Newman
Apologia pro Vita Sua
A Grammar of Assent
The Idea of a University
* Anthony Trollope
The Barsetshire Novels
The Palliser Novels
Orley Farm
The Way We Live Now
* Lewis Carroll
Complete Works
* Edward Lear
Complete Nonsense
* George Gissing
New Grub Street
* Algernon Charles Swinburne
Poems and Letters
* Charlotte Brontë
Jane Eyre
Villette
* Emily Brontë
Poems
Wuthering Heights
* William Makepeace Thackeray
Vanity Fair
The History of Henry Esmond
* George Meredith
Poems
The Egoist
* Francis Thompson
Poems
* Lionel Johnson
Poems
* Robert Bridges
Poems
* Gilbert Keith Chesterton
Collected Poems
The Man Who Was Thursday
* Samuel Butler
Erewhon
The Way of All Flesh
* W. S. Gilbert
Complete Plays of Gilbert and Sullivan
Bab Ballads
* Wilkie Collins
The Moonstone
The Woman in White
No Name
* Coventry Patmore
Odes
* James Thomson (Bysshe Vanolis)
The City of the Dreadful Night
* Oscar Wilde
Plays
The Picture of Dorian Gray
The Artist as Critic
Letters
* John Davidson
Ballads and Songs
* Ernest Dowson
Complete Poems
* George Eliot
Adam Bede
Silas Marner
The Mill on the Floss
Middlemarch
Daniel Deronda
* Robert Louis Stevenson
Essays
Kidnapped
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
Treasure Island
The New Arabian Nights
The Master of Ballantrae
Weir of Hermiston
* William Morris
Early Romances
Poems
The Earthly Paradise
The Well at the World’s End
News from Nowhere
* Bram Stoker
Dracula
* George Macdonald
Lilith
At the Back of the North Wind
Germany
* Novalis (Friedrich von Hardenburg)
Hymns to the Night
Aphorisms
* Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm
Fairy Tales
* Eduard Mörike
Selected Poems
Mozart on His Way to Prague
* Theodor Storm
Immensee
Poems
* Gottfried Keller
Green Henry
Tales
* E. T. A. Hoffmann
The Devil’s Elixir
Tales
* Jeremias Gotthelf
The Black Spider
* Adalbert Stifter
Indian Summer
Tales
* Friedrich Schlegel
Criticism and Aphorisms
* Georg Büchner
Danton’s Death
Woyzeck
* Heinrich Heine
Complete Poems
* Richard Wagner
The Ring of the Nibelung
* Friedrich Nietzsche
The Birth of Tragedy
Beyond Good and Evil
On the Genealogy of Morals
The Will to Power
* Theodor Fontane
Effi Briest
* Stefan George
Selected Poems
Russia
* Aleksandr Pushkin
Complete Prose Tales
Complete Poetry
Eugene Onegin
Narrative Poems
Boris Godunov
* Nikolay Gogol
The Complete Tales
Dead Souls
The Government Inspector
* Mikhail Lermontov
Narrative Poems
A Hero of Our Time
* Segey Aksakov
A Family Chronicle
* Aleksandr Herzen
My Past and Thoughts
From the Other Shore
* Ivan Goncharov
The Frigate Pallada
Oblomov
* Ivan Turgenev
A Sportsman’s Notebook
A Month in the Country
Fathers and Sons
On the Eve
First Love
* Fyodor Dostoevsky
Notes from the Underground
Crime and Punishment
The Idiot
The Possessed (The Devils)
The Brothers Karamazov
Short Novels
* Leo Tolstoy
The Cossacks
War and Peace
Anna Karenina
A Confession
The Power of Darkness
Short Novels
* Nikolay Leskov
Tales
* Aleksandr Ostrovsky
The Storm
* Nikolay Chernyshevsky
What is to Be Done?
* Aleksandr Blok
The Twelve and Other Poems
* Anton Chekhov
The Tales
The Major Plays
The United States
* Washington Irving
The Sketch Book
* William Cullen Bryant
Collected Poems
* James Fenimore Cooper
The Deerslayers
* John Greenleaf Whittier
Collected Poems
* Ralph Waldo Emerson
Nature
Essays, first and second series
Representative Men
The Conduct of Life
Journals
Poems
* Emily Dickinson
Complete Poems
* Walt Whitman
Leaves of Grass, first edition
Leaves of Grass, third edition
The Complete Poems
Specimen Days
* Nathaniel Hawthorne
The Scarlet Letter
Tales and Sketches
The Marble Faun
Notebooks
* Herman Melville
Moby-Dick
The Piazza Tales
Billy Budd
Collected Poems
Clarel
* Edgar Allan Poe
Poetry and Tales
Essays and Reviews
The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym
Eureka
* Jones Very
Essays and Poems
* Frederick Goddard Tuckerman
The Cricket and Other Poems
* Henry David Thoreau
Walden
Poems
Essays
* Richard Henry Dana, Jr.
Two Years Before the Mast
* Frederick Douglass
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave
* Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Selected Poems
* Sidney Lanier
Poems
* Francis Parkman
France and England in North America
The California and Oregon Trail
* Henry Adams
The Education of Henry Adams
Mont Saint-Michel and Chartres
* Ambrose Bierce
Collected Writings
* Louisa May Alcott
Little Women
* Charles W. Chesnutt
The Short Fiction
* Kate Chopin
The Awakening
* William Dean Howells
The Rise of Silas Lapham
A Modern Instance
* Stephen Crane
The Red Badge of Courage
Stories and Poems
* Henry James
The Portrait of a Lady
The Bostonians
The Princess Casamassima
The Awkward Age
Short Novels and Tales
The Ambassadors
The Wings of the Dove
The Golden Bowl
* Harold Frederic
The Damnation of Theron Ware
* Mark Twain
Complete Short Stories
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
The Devil’s Racetrack
Number Forty-Four: The Mysterious Stranger
Pudd’nhead Wilson
A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court
* William James
The Varieties of Religious Experience
Pragmatism
* Frank Norris
The Octopus
* Sarah Orne Jewett
The Country of the Pointed Firs and Other Stories
* Trumbull Stickney
Poems

Harold Bloom’s Western Canon: Chaotic Age

D. The Chaotic Age: A Canonical Prophecy

“I am not as confident about this list as the first three. Cultural prophecy is always a mug’s game. Not all of the works here can prove to be canonical; literary overpopulation is a hazard to many among them. But I have neither excluded nor included on the basis of cultural politics of any kind.”
(Bloom, p. 548)
Italy
* Luigi Pirandello
Naked Masks: Five Plays
* Gabriele D’Annunzio
Maia: In Praise of Life
* Dino Campana
Orphic Songs
* Umberto Saba
Stories and Recollections
Poems
* Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
The Leopard
* Giuseppe Ungaretti
Selected Poems
The Buried Harbour: Selected Poems
* Eugenio Montale
The Storm and Other Things: Poems
The Occasions: Poems
Cuttlefish Bones: Poems
Otherwise: Last and First Poems
The Second Life of Art: Selected Essays
* Salvatore Quasimodo
Selected Writings: Poems and Discourse on Poetry
* Tommaso Landolfi
Gogol’s Wife and Other Stories
* Leonardo Sciascia
Day of the Owl
Equal Danger
The Wine-Dark Sea: Thirteen Stories
* Pier Paolo Pasolini
Poems
* Cesare Pavese
Hard Labor: Poems
Dialogues with Leucò
* Primo Levi
If Not Now, When?
Collected Poems
The Periodic Table
* Italo Svevo
The Confession of Zeno
As a Man Grows Older
* Giorgio Bassani
The Heron
* Natalia Ginzburg
Family
* Elio Vittorini
Women of Messina
* Alberto Moravia
1934
* Andrea Zanzotto
Selected Poetry
* Italo Calvino
Invisible Cities
The Baron in the Trees
If on a Winter’s Night a Traveler
t zero
* Antonio Porta
Kisses from Another Dream: Poems
Spain
* Miguel de Unamuno
Three Exemplary Novels
Our Lord Don Quixote
* Antonio Machado
Selected Poems
* Juan Ramón Jiménez
Invisible Reality: Poems
* Pedro Salinas
My Voice Because of You: Poems
* Jorge Guillén
Guillén on Guillén: The Poetry and the Poet
* Vicente Aleixandre
A Longing for the Light: Selected Poems
* Federico Garcia Lorca
Selected Poems
Three Tragedies: Blood Wedding, Yerma, The House of Bernardo Alba
* Rafael Alberti
The Owl’s Insomnia: Poems
* Luis Cernuda
Selected Poems
* Miguel Hernández
Selected Poems
* Blas de Otero
Selected Poems
* Camilo José Cela
The Hive
* Juan Goytisolo
Space in Motion
Catalonia
* Carles Ribá
Selected Poems
* J. V. Foix
Selected Poems
* Joan Perucho
Natural History
* Merce Rodoreda
The Time of the Doves
* Pere Gimferrer
Selected Poems
* Salvador Espríu
La Pell de Brau: Poems
Portugal
* Fernando Pessoa
The Keeper of Sheep
Poems
Selected Poems
Always Astonished: Selected Poems
The Book of Disquiet
* Jorge de Sena
Selected Poems
* José Saramago
Baltasar and Blimunda
* José Cardoso Pires
Ballad of Dogs’ Beach
* Sophia de Mello Breyner
Selected Poems
* Eugénio de Andrade
Selected Poems
France
* Anatole France
Penguin Island
Thaïs
* Alain-Fournier
Le Grand Meaulnes
* Marcel Proust
Remembrance of Things Past (In Search of Lost Time)
* Andre Gide
The Immoralist
Corydon
Lafcadio’s Adventure (The Caves of the Vatican)
The Journals
* Colette
Collected Stories
Retreat from Love
* Georges Bataille
Blue of Noon
* Louis-Ferdinand Céline
Journey to the End of Night
* René Daumal
Mount Analogue
* Jean Genet
Our Lady of the Flowers
The Thief’s Journal
The Balcony
* Jean Giraudoux
Four Plays
* Alfred Jarry
Selected Works
* Jean Cocteau
The Infernal Machine and Other Works
* Guillaume Apollinaire
Selected Writings
* André Breton
Poems
Manifestoes of Surrealism
* Paul Valéry
The Art of Poetry
Selected Writings
* René Char
Poems
* Paul Éluard
Selected Poems
* Louis Aragon
Selected Poems
* Jean Giono
The Horseman on the Roof
* Michel Leiris
Manhood
* Raymond Radiguet
Count d’Orgel’s Ball
* Jean-Paul Sartre
No Exit
Nausea
Saint Genet
The Words
The Family Idiot: Gustave Flaubert
* Simone de Beauvoir
The Second Sex
* Albert Camus
The Stranger
The Plague
The Fall
The Rebel
* Henri Michaux
Selected Writings
* Edmond Jabès
The Book of Questions
Selected Poems
* Saint-John Perse
Anabasis
Birds
Exile and Other Poems
* Pierre Reverdy
Selected Poems
* Tristan Tzara
Seven Dada Manifestoes
* Max Jacob
Selected Poems
* Pierre-Jean Jouve
Selected Poems
* Francis Ponge
Things: Selected Writings
* Jacques Prévert
Paroles
* Philippe Jacottet
Selected Poems
* Charles Péguy
The Mystery of the Charity of Joan of Arc
* Bejamin Péret
Selected Poems
* Andé Malraux
The Conquerors
The Royal Way
Man’s Fate
Man’s Hope
The Voices of Silence
* François Mauriac
Therese
The Desert of Love
The Woman of the Pharisees
* Jean Anouilh
Becket
Antigone
Eurydice
The Rehearsal
* Eugène Ionesco
The Bald Soprano
The Chairs
The Lesson
Amédée
Victims of Duty
Rhinoceros
* Maurice Blanchot
Thomas the Obscure
* Pierre Klossowski
The Laws of Hospitality
The Baphomet
* Raymond Roussel
Locus Solus
* Antonin Artaud
Selected Writings
* Claude Lévi-Strauss
Tristes Tropiques
* Alain Robbe-Grillet
The Voyeur
Jealousy
In the Labyrinth
The Erasers
Project for a Revolution in New York
For a New Novel
* Nathalie Sarraute
The Use of Speech
The Planetarium
* Claude Simon
The Grass
The Wind
The Flanders Road
* Marguerite Duras
The Lover
Four Novels
* Robert Pinget
Fable
The Libera Me Domine
That Voice
* Michel Tournier
The Ogre
Friday
* Marguerite Yourcenar
Coup de Grace
Memoirs of Hadrian
* Jean Follain
Transparence of the World: Poems
* Yves Bonnefoy
Words in Stone
Great Britain and Ireland
* William Butler Yeats
The Collected Poems
Collected Plays
A Vision
Mythologies
* George Bernard Shaw
Major Critical Essays
Heartbreak House
Pygmalion
Saint Joan
Major Barbara
Back to Methuselah
* John Millington Synge
Collected Plays
* Sean O’Casey
Juno and the Paycock
The Plough and the Stars
The Shadow of a Gunman
* George Douglas Brown
House with the Green Shutters
* Thomas Hardy
The Well-Beloved
The Woodlanders
The Return of the Native
The Mayor of Casterbridge
Far From the Madding Crowd
Tess of the D’Urbervilles
Jude the Obscure
Collected Poems
* Rudyard Kipling
Kim
Collected Stories
Puck of Pook’s Hill
Complete Verse
* A. E. Housman
Collected Poems
* Max Beerbohm
Zuleika Dobson
Seven Men and Two Others
* Joseph Conrad
Lord Jim
The Secret Agent
Nostromo
Under Western Eyes
Victory
* Ronald Firbank
Five Novels
* Ford Madox Ford
Parade’s End
The Good Soldier
* W. Somerset Maugham
Collected Short Stories
The Moon and Sixpence
* John Cowper Powys
Wolf Solent
A Glastonbury Romance
* Saki (H. H. Munro)
The Short Stories
* H. G. Wells
The Science Fiction Novels
* David Lindsay
A Voyage to Arcturus
* Arnold Bennett
The Old Wives’ Tale
* Walter De la Mare
Collected Poems
Memoirs of a Midget
* Wilfred Owen
Collected Poems
* Isaac Rosenberg
Collected Poems
* Edward Thomas
Collected Poems
* Robert Graves
Collected Poems
King Jesus
* Edwin Muir
Collected Poems
* David Jones
In Parenthesis
The Anathemata
* John Galsworthy
The Forsyte Saga
* E. M. Forster
Howards End
A Passage to India
* Frank O’Connor
Collected Stories
* D. H. Lawrence
Complete Poems
Studies in Classic American Literature
Complete Short Stories
Sons and Lovers
The Rainbow
Women in Love
* Virginia Woolf
Mrs. Dalloway
To the Lighthouse
Orlando: A Biography
The Waves
Between the Acts
* James Joyce
Dubliners
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
Ulysses
Finnegans Wake
* Samuel Beckett
Murphy
Watt
Three Novels: Molloy, Malone Dies, The Unnameable
Waiting for Godot
Endgame
Krapp’s Last Game
How It Is
* Elizabeth Bowen
Collected Stories
* J. G. Farrell
The Siege of Krishnapur
* Henry Green
Nothing
Loving
Party Going
* Evelyn Waugh
A Handful of Dust
Scoop
Vile Bodies
Put Out More Flags
* Anthony Burgess
Nothing Like the Sun
* G. B. Edwards
The Book of Ebenezer Le Page
* Iris Murdoch
The Good Apprentice
Bruno’s Dream
* Graham Greene
Brighton Rock
The Heart of the Matter
The Power and the Glory
* Christopher Isherwood
The Berlin Stories
* Norman Douglas
South Wind
* Aldous Huxley
Collected Essays
Antic Hay
Point Counter Point
Brave New World
* Lawrence Durrell
Alexandria Quartet
* William Golding
Pincher Martin
* Doris Lessing
The Golden Notebook
* Mervyn Peake
The Gormenghast Trilogy
* Jeanette Winterson
The Passion
* W. H. Auden
Collected Poems
The Dyer’s Hand
* Roy Fuller
Collected Poems
* Gavin Ewart
Selected Poems
* Basil Bunting
Collected Poems William Empson
*
Collected Poems
Milton’s God
Some Versions of Pastoral George Wilson Knight
*
The Wheel of Fire
The Burning Oracle R. S. Thomas
*
Poems Frank Kermode
*
The Sense of an Ending Stevie Smith
*
Collected Poems F. T. Prince
*
Collected Poems Philip Larkin
*
Collected Poems Donald Davie
*
Selected Poems Geoffrey Hill
*
Collected Poems Jonathan Spence
*
The Death of Woman Wang
The Memory Palace of Matteo Ricci Elizabeth Jennings
*
Selected Poems Keith Douglas
*
The Complete Poems Hugh MacDiarmid
*
Complete Poems Louis MacNeice
*
Collected Poems Dylan Thomas
*
The Poems Nigel Dennis
*
Cards of Identity Seamus Heaney
*
Selected Poems: 1969-1987
Field Work
Station Island Thomas Kinsella
*
Peppercanister Poems Paul Muldoon
*
Selected Poems John Montague
*
Selected Poems John Arden
*
Plays Joe Orton
*
The Complete Plays Flann O’Brien
*
The Dalkey Archive
The Third Policeman Tom Stoppard
*
Travesties Harold Pinter
*
The Caretaker
The Homecoming Edward Bond
*
The Fool
Saved George Orwell
*
Collected Essays
1984 Edna O’Brien
*
A Fanatic Heart
Germany
* Hugo von Hofmannsthal
Poems and Verse Plays
Selected Prose
Selected Plays and Libretti Rainer Maria Rilke
*
Selected Poetry (including the Duino Elegies)
The Sonnets to Orpheus
The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge
New Poems: First Part and Other Part Hermann Broch
*
The Sleepwalkers
The Death of Virgil
Hugo von Hofmannsthal and His Time Georg Trakl
*
Selected Poems Gottfried Benn
*
Selected Poems Franz Kafka
*
Amerika
The Complete Stories
The Blue Octavo Notebook
The Trial
The Diaries
The Castle
Parables, Fragments, Aphorisms Bertolt Brecht
*
Poems, 1913-1956
The Threepenny Opera
The Good Woman of Setzuan
Mother Courage and Her Children
Galileo
The Caucasian Chalk Circle Arthur Schnitzler
*
Plays and Stories Frank Wedekind
*
Lulu Plays
Spring Awakening Karl Krauss
*
The Last Days of Mankind Günter Eich
*
Moles Thomas Mann
*
The Magic Mountain
Stories of Three Decades
Joseph and His Brothers
Doctor Faustus
Confessions of Felix Krull, Confidence Man Alfred Döblin
*
Berlin Alexanderplatz Hermann Hesse
*
The Glass Bead Game (Magister Ludi)
Narcissus and Goldmund Robert Musil
*
Young Törless
The Man Without Qualities Joseph Roth
*
The Radetzky March Paul Celan
*
Poems Thomas Bernhard
*
Woodcutters Heinrich Böll
*
Billiards at Half-Past Nine Ingeborg Bachmann
*
In the Storm of Roses Hans Magnus Enzensberger
*
Poems for People Who Don’t Read Poems Walter Benjamin
*
Illuminations Robert Walser
*
Selected Stories Christa Wolf
*
Cassandra Peter Handke
*
Slow Homecoming Max Frisch
*
I’m Not Stiller
Man in the Holocene Günter Grass
*
The Tin Drum
The Flounder Friedrich Dürrenmatt
*
The Visit Johannes Bobrowski
*
Shadow Lands
Russia
* Anna Akhmatova
Poems Leonid Andreyev
*
Selected Tales Andrey Bely
*
Petersburg Osip Mandelshtam
*
Selected Poems Velimir Khlebnikov
*
The King of Time Vladimir Mayakovsky
*
The Bedbug and Selected Poetry Mikhail Bulgakov
*
The Master and the Margarita Mikhail Kuzmin
*
Alexandrian Songs Maksim Gorky
*
Reminiscences of Tolstoy, Chekhov, and Andreev
Autobiography Ivan Bunin
*
Selected Stories Isaac Babel
*
Collected Stories Boris Pasternak
*
Doctor Zhivago
Selected Poems Yury Olesha
*
Envy Marina Tsvetayeva
*
Selected Poems Mikhail Zoshchenko
*
Nervous People and Other Satires Andrei Platonov
*
The Foundation Pit Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
*
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
The Cancer Ward
The Gulag Archipelago
August 1914 Joesph Brodsky
*
A Part of Speech: Poems
Scandinavia
* Isak Dinesen
Winter’s Tales
Seven Gothic Tales Martin Andersen Nexø
*
Pelle the Conqueror Knut Hamsun
*
Hunger
Pan Sigrid Undset
*
Kristin Lavransdatter Gunnar Ekelöf
*
Guide to the Underworld Tomas Tranströmer
*
Selected Poems Pär Lagerkvist
*
Barabbas Lars Gustafsson
*
Selected Poems
Serbo-Croat
* Ivo Andric
The Bridge on the Drina Vasko Popa
*
Selected Poems Danilo Kis
*
A Tomb for Boris Davidovich
Czech
* Karel Capek
War with the Newts
R.U.R. Vaclav Havel
*
Largo Desolato Milan Kundera
*
The Unbearable Lightness of Being Jaroslav Seifert
*
Selected Poetry Miroslav Holub
*
The Fly
Polish
* Bruno Schulz
The Street of Crocodiles
Sanatorium Under the Sign of the Hourglass Czeslaw Milosz
*
Selected Poems Witold Gombrowicz
*
Three Novels Stanislaw Lem
*
The Investigation
Solaris Zbigniew Herbert
*
Selected Poems Adam Zagajewski
*
Tremor
Hungarian
* Attila József
Perched on Nothing’s Branch Ferenc Juhasz
*
Selected Poems Laszlo Németh
*
Guilt
Modern Greek
* C. P. Cavafy
Collected Poems George Seferis
*
Collected Poems Nikos Kazantzakis
*
The Greek Passion
The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel Yannis Ritsos
*
Exile and Return Odysseas Elytis
*
What I Love: Selected Poems Angelos Sikelianos
*
Selected Poems
Yiddish
* Sholem Aleichem
Tevye the Dairyman and The Railroad Stories
The Nightingale Mendele Mokher Seforim
*
The Travels and Adventures of Benjamin the Third I. L. Peretz
*
Selected Stories Jacob Glatstein
*
Selected Poems Moshe-Leib Halpern
*
Selected Poems H. Leivick (Leivick Halpern)
*
Selected Poems Israel Joshua Singer
*
The Brothers Ashkenazi
Yoshe Kalb Chaim Grade
*
The Yeshiva S. Ansky
*
The Dybbuk Mani Leib
*
Selected Poems Sholem Asch
*
East River Isaac Bashevis Singer
*
Collected Stories
In My Father’s Court
The Manor, the Estate, the Family Moskat
Satan in Goray
Hebrew
* Hayyim Nahman Bialik
Shirot Bialik: The Epic Poems S. Y. Agnon
*
In the Heart of the Seas
Twenty-One Stories Aharon Appelfeld
*
The Immortal Bartfuss
Badenheim 1939 Yaakov Shabtai
*
Past Continuous Yehuda Amichai
*
Selected Poetry
Travels A. B. Yehoshua
*
A Late Divorce Amos Oz
*
A Perfect Peace T. Carmi
*
At the Stone of Losses Nathan Zach
*
Selected Poems Dalia Ravikovitch
*
A Dress of Fire Dan Pagis
*
Selected Poems David Shahar
*
The Palace of Shattered Vessels David Grossman
*
See Under: Love Yoram Kaniuk
*
His Daughter
Arabic
* Najib Mahfuz
Midaq Alley
Fountain and Tomb
Miramar Adunis
*
Selected Poems Mahmud Darwish
*
The Music of Human Flesh Taha Husayn
*
An Egyptian Childhood
Latin America
* Rubén Dário
Selected Poetry Jorge Luis Borges
*
The Aleph and Other Stories
Dreamtigers (The Maker)
Ficciones
Labyrinths
A Personal Anthology Alejo Carpentier
*
Explosion in a Cathedral
The Lost Steps
Reasons of State
The Kingdom of This World Guillermo Cabrera Infante
*
Three Trapped Tigers
View of Dawn in the Tropics Severo Sarduy
*
Maitreya Reinaldo Arenas
*
The Ill-Fated Peregrinations of Fray Servando Pablo Neruda
*
Canto General
Residence on Earth
Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair
Fully Empowered
Selected Poems Nicolás Guillén
*
Selected Poems Octavio Paz
*
The Collected Poems
The Labyrinth of Solitude César Vallejo
*
Selected Poems
Spain, Take This Cup from Me Miguel Angel Asturias
*
Men of Maize José Lezama Lima
*
Paradiso José Donoso
*
The Obscene Bird of Night Julio Cortázar
*
Hopscotch
All Fires the Fire
Blow-up and Other Stories Gabriel García Márquez
*
One Hundred Years of Solitude
Love in the Time of Cholera Mario Vargas Llosa
*
The War of the End of the World Carlos Fuentes
*
A Change of Skin
Terra Nostra Carlos Drummond de Andrade
*
Travelling in the Family
The West Indies
* C. L. R. James
The Black Jacobins
The Future in the Present V. S. Naipaul
*
A Bend in the River
A House for Mr. Biswas Derek Walcott
*
Collected Poems Wilson Harris
*
The Guyana Quartet Michael Thelwell
*
The Harder They Come Aimé Césaire
*
Collected Poetry
Africa
* Chinua Achebe
Things Fall Apart
Arrow of God
No Longer at Ease Wole Soyinka
*
A Dance of the Forest Amos Tutuola
*
The Palm-Wine Drinkard and His Dead Palm-Wine Tapster in the Dead’s Town Christopher Okigbo
*
Labyrinths, with Path of Thunder John Pepper Clark (-Bekederemo)
*
Casualties: Poems Ayi K. Armah
*
The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born Wa Thiong’o Ngugi
*
A Grain of Wheat Gabriel Okara
*
The Fisherman’s Invocation Nadine Gordimer
*
Collected Stories J. M. Coetzee
*
Foe Athol Fugard
*
A Lesson from Aloes Léopold S. Senghor
*
Selected Poems
India (in English)
* R. K. Narayan
The Guide Salman Rushdie
*
Midnight’s Children Ruth Prawer Jhabvala
*
Heat and Dust
Canada
* Malcolm Lowry
Under the Volcano Robertson Davies
*
The Deptford Trilogy
The Rebel Angels Alice Munro
*
Something I’ve Been Meaning to Tell You Northrop Frye
*
Fables of Identity Anne Hébert
*
Selected Poems Jay Macpherson
*
Poems Twice Told Margaret Atwood
*
Surfacing Daryl Hine
*
Selected Poems
Australia and New Zealand
* Miles (Stella) Franklin
My Brilliant Career Katherine Mansfield
*
The Short Stories A. D. Hope
*
Collected Poems Patrick White
*
Riders in the Chariot
A Fringe of Leaves
Voss Christina Stead
*
The Man Who Loved Children Judith Wright
*
Selected Poems Les A. Murray
*
The Rabbiter’s Bounty: Collected Poems Thomas Keneally
*
The Playmaker
Schindler’s List David Malouf
*
An Imaginary Life Kevin Hart
*
Peniel and Other Poems Peter Carey
*
Oscar and Lucinda
Illywhacker
The United States
* Edwin Arlington Robinson
Selected Poems Robert Frost
*
The Poetry Edith Wharton
*
Collected Short Stories
The Age of Innocence
Ethan Frome
The House of Mirth
The Custom of the Country Willa Cather
*
My Ántonia
The Professor’s House
A Lost Lady Gertrude Stein
*
Three Lives
The Geographical History of America
The Making of Americans
Tender Buttons Wallace Stevens
*
Collected Poems
The Necessary Angel
Opus Posthumous
The Palm at the End of the Mind Vachel Lindsay
*
Collected Poems Edgar Lee Masters
*
Spoon River Anthology Theodore Dreiser
*
Sister Carrie
An American Tragedy Sherwood Anderson
*
Winesburg, Ohio
Death in the Woods and Other Stories Sinclair Lewis
*
Babbitt
It Can’t Happen Here Elinor Wylie
*
Last Poems William Carlos Williams
*
Spring and All
Paterson
Collected Poems Ezra Pound
*
Personae: Collected Poems
The Cantos
Literary Essays Robinson Jeffers
*
Selected Poems Marianne Moore
*
Complete Poems Hilda Doolittle (H.D.)
*
Selected Poems John Crowe Ransom
*
Selected Poems T. S. Eliot
*
The Complete Poems and Plays
Selected Essays Katherine Anne Porter
*
Collected Stories Jean Toomer
*
Cane John Dos Passos
*
U.S.A. Conrad Aiken
*
Collected Poems Eugene O’Neill
*
Lazarus Laughed
The Iceman Cometh
Long Day’s Journey Into Night e. e. cummings
*
Complete Poems John B. Wheelwright
*
Collected Poems Robert Fitzgerald
*
Spring Shade: Poems Louise Bogan
*
The Blue Estuaries: Selected Poems Léonie Adams
*
Poems: A Selection Hart Crane
*
Complete Poems and Selected Letters and Prose Allen Tate
*
Collected Poems F. Scott Fitzgerald
*
Babylon Revisited and Other Stories
The Great Gatsby
Tender is the Night William Faulkner
*
As I Lay Dying
Sanctuary
Light in August
Absalom, Absalom!
The Sound and the Fury
The Wild Palms
The Collected Stories
The Hamlet Ernest Hemingway
*
Complete Short Stories
A Farewell to Arms
The Sun Also Rises
The Garden of Eden John Steinbeck
*
The Grapes of Wrath Zora Neale Hurston
*
Their Eyes Were Watching God Nathanael West
*
Miss Lonelyhearts
A Cool Million
The Day of the Locust Richard Wright
*
Native Son
Black Boy Eudora Welty
*
Collected Stories
Delta Wedding
The Robber Bridegroom
The Ponder Heart Langston Hughes
*
Selected Poems
The Big Sea
I Wonder as I Wander Edmund Wilson
*
The Shores of Light
Patriotic Gore Kenneth Burke
*
Counter-statement
A Rhetoric of Motives Joseph Mitchell
*
Up in the Old Hotel Abraham Cahan
*
The Rise of David Levinsky Kay Boyle
*
Three Short Novels Ellen Glasgow
*
Barren Ground
Vein of Iron John P. Marquand
*
H. M. Pulham, Esquire John O’Hara
*
Collected Stories
Appointment in Samarra Henry Roth
*
Call It Sleep Thornton Wilder
*
Three Plays Robert Penn Warren
*
All the King’s Men
World Enough and Time
Selected Poems Delmore Schwartz
*
Selected Poems: Summer Knowledge Weldon Kees
*
Collected Poems Elizabeth Bishop
*
The Complete Poems John Berryman
*
Collected Poems Paul Bowles
*
The Sheltering Sky Randall Jarrell
*
Complete Poems Charles Olson
*
The Maximus Poems
Collected Poems Robert Hayden
*
Collected Poems Robert Lowell
*
Collected Poems Theodore Roethke
*
Collected Poems
Straw for the Fire James Agee
*
Permit Me Voyage
Let Us Now Praise Famous Men Jean Garrigue
*
Selected Poems May Swenson
*
New & Selected Things Taking Place
In Other Words Robert Duncan
*
Bending the Bow Richard Wilbur
*
New and Collected Poems Richard Eberhart
*
Collected Poems M. B. Tolson
*
Harlem Gallery Kenneth Koch
*
Seasons on Earth Frank O’ Hara
*
Selected Poems James Schuyler
*
Collected Poems James Baldwin
*
The Price of a Ticket Saul Bellow
*
Seize the Day
The Adventures of Augie March
Herzog John Cheever
*
The Stories
Bullet Park Ralph Ellison
*
Invisible Man Truman Capote
*
In Cold Blood Carson McCullers
*
The Ballad of the Sad Cafe
The Heart is a Lonely Hunter Flannery O’Connor
*
Complete Stories
The Violent Bear It Away
Wise Blood Vladimir Nabokov
*
Lolita
Pale Fire Gore Vidal
*
Myra Breckenridge
Lincoln William Styron
*
The Long March J. D. Salinger
*
The Catcher in the Rye
Nine Stories Wright Morris
*
Ceremony in Lone Tree Bernard Malamud
*
The Stories
The Fixer Norman Mailer
*
Advertisements for Myself
The Executioner’s Song
Ancient Evenings John Hawkes
*
The Cannibal
Second Skin William Gaddis
*
The Recognitions Tennessee Williams
*
The Glass Menagerie
A Streetcar Named Desire
Summer and Smoke Arthur Miller
*
Death of a Salesman Edwin Justus Mayer
*
Children of Darkness Harold Brodkey
*
Stories in an Almost Classical Mode Ursula K. LeGuin
*
The Left Hand of Darkness Raymond Carver
*
Where I’m Calling From Robert Coover
*
Spanking the Maid Don DeLillo
*
White Noise
Libra
Running Dog
Mao II John Crowley
*
Little, Big
Aegypt
Love and Sleep Guy Davenport
*
Tatlin! James Dickey
*
The Early Motion
The Central Motion E. L. Doctorow
*
The Book of Daniel
World’s Fair Stanley Elkin
*
The Living End William H. Gass
*
In the Heart of the Heart of the Country
Omensetter’s Luck Russell Hoban
*
Riddley Walker Denis Johnson
*
Angels
Fiskadoro
Jesus’ Son Cormac McCarthy
*
Blood Meridian
Suttree
Child of God William Kennedy
*
Ironweed
The Albany Cycle Toni Morrison
*
Song of Solomon Gloria Naylor
*
The Women of Brewster Place Joyce Carol Oates
*
Them Walker Percy
*
The Moviegoer Grace Paley
*
The Little Disturbances of Man Thomas Pynchon
*
V.
The Crying of Lot 49
Gravity’s Rainbow Cynthia Ozick
*
Envy, or Yiddish in America
The Messiah of Stockholm Ishmael Reed
*
Mumbo Jumbo Philip Roth
*
Portnoy’s Complaint
My Life as a Man
Zuckerman Bound: A Trilogy and Epilogue
The Counterlife
Patrimony
Operation Shylock James Salter
*
Solo Faces
Light Years Robert Stone
*
Dog Soldiers
A Flag for Sunrise John Barth
*
The Floating Opera
The End of the Road
The Sot-Weed Factor Walter Abish
*
Alphabetical Africa
How German Is It
Eclipse Fever
I Am the Dust Under Your Feet Donald Barthelme
*
Forty Stories
The Dead Father Thomas M. Disch
*
On Wings of Song Paul Theroux
*
The Mosquito Coast John Updike
*
The Witches of Eastwick Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.
*
Cat’s Cradle Edmund White
*
Forgetting Elena
Nocturnes for the King of Naples James McCourt
*
Time Remaining James Wilcox
*
Modern Baptists A. R. Ammons
*
Collected Poems
Selected Longer Poems
Sphere: The Form of a Motion John Ashbery
*
The Double Dream of Spring
Houseboat Days
Selected Poems
Flow Chart
Hotel Lautréamont
And the Stars Were Shining David Mamet
*
American Buffalo
Speed-the-Plow David Rabe
*
Streamers Sam Shepard
*
Seven Plays August Wilson
*
Fences
Joe Turner’s Come and Gone Anthony Hecht
*
Collected Earlier Poems Edgar Bowers
*
Living Together: New and Selected Poems Donald Justice
*
Selected Poems James Merrill
*
From the First Nine
The Changing Light at Sandover W. S. Merwin
*
Selected Poems James Wright
*
Above the River: The Complete Poems Galway Kinnell
*
Selected Poems Philip Levine
*
Selected Poems Irving Feldman
*
New and Selected Poems Donald Hall
*
The One Day
Old and New Poems Alvin Feinman
*
Poems Richard Howard
*
Untitled Subjects
Findings John Hollander
*
Reflections on Espionage
Selected Poetry
Tesserae Gary Snyder
*
No Nature: New and Selected Poems Charles Simic
*
Selected Poems Mark Strand
*
Selected Poems
The Continuous Life
Dark Harbor Charles Wright
*
The World of the Ten Thousand Things Jay Wright
*
Dimensions of History
The Double Invention of Komo
Selected Poems
Elaine’s Book
Boleros Amy Clampitt
*
Westward Allen Grossman
*
The Ether Dome and Other Poems: New and Selected Howard Moss
*
New Selected Poems James Applewhite
*
River Writing: An Eno Journal J. D. McClatchy
*
The Rest of the Way Alfred Corn
*
A Call in the Midst of the Crowd Douglas Crase
*
The Revisionist Rita Dove
*
Selected Poems Thylias Moss
*
Small Congregations: New and Selected Poems Edward Hirsch
*
Earthly Measures Tony Kushner
*
Angels in America

Source: Bloom, Harold. The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages. Appendixes. New York: Harcourt Brace & Company, 1994. © 1994 by Harold Bloom.

Harold Bloom’s Western Canon: Aristocratic Age

B. The Aristocratic Age

“It is a span of five hundred years from Dante’s Divine Comedy through Goethe’s Faust, Part Two [1321-1832], an era that gives us a huge body of reading in five major literatures: Italian, Spanish, English, French, and German. In this and in the remaining lists, I sometimes do not mention individual works by a canonical master, and in other instances I attempt to call attention to authors and books that I consider canonical but rather neglected. From this list onward, many good writers who are not quite central are omitted….”
(Bloom, p. 534)
Italy
* Dante
The Divine Comedy
The New Life
* Petrarch
Lyric Poems
Selections
* Giovanni Boccaccio
The Decameron
* Matteo Maria Boiardo
Orlando Innamorato
* Ludovico Ariosto
Orlando Furioso
* Michelangelo Buonarroti
Sonnets and Madrigals
* Niccolò Machiavelli
The Prince
The Mandrake, a Comedy
* Leonardo da Vinci
Notebooks
* Baldassare Castiglione
The Book of the Courtier
* Gaspara Stampa
Sonnets and Madrigals
* Giorgio Vasari
Lives of the Painters
* Benvenuto Cellini
Autobiography
* Torquato Tasso
Jerusalem Delivered
* Giordano Bruno
The Expulsion of the Triumphant Beast
* Tommaso Campanella
Poems
The City of the Sun
* Giambattista Vico
Principles of a New Science
* Carlo Goldoni
The Servant of Two Masters
* Vittorio Alfieri
Saul
Portugal
* Luis de Camoëns
The Lusiads
* Antònio Ferreira
Poetry
Spain
* Jorge Manrique
Coplas
* Fernando de Rojas
La Celestina
* Lazarillo de Tormes
* Francisco de Quevedo
Visions
Satirical Letter of Censure
* Fray Luis de León
Poems
* St. John of the Cross
Poems
* Luis de Góngora
Sonnets
Soledades
* Miguel de Cervantes
Don Quixote
Exemplary Stories
* Lope de Vega
La Dorotea
Fuente Ovejuna
Lost in a Mirror
The Knight of Olmedo
* Tirso de Molina
The Trickster of Seville
* Pedro Calderón de la Barca
Life is a Dream
The Mayor of Zalamea
The Mighty Magician
The Doctor of His Own Honor
* Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
Poems
England and Scotland
* Geoffrey Chaucer
The Canterbury Tales
Troilus and Criseyde
* Sir Thomas Malory
Le Morte D’Arthur
* William Dunbar
Poems
* John Skelton
Poems
* Sir Thomas More
Utopia
* Sir Thomas Wyatt
Poems
* Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
Poems
* Sir Philip Sidney
The Countess of Pembroke’s Arcadia
Astrophel and Stella
An Apology for Poetry
* Fulke Greville, Lord Brooke
Poems
* Edmund Spenser
The Faerie Queene
The Minor Poems
* Sir Walter Ralegh
Poems
* Christopher Marlowe
Poems and Plays
* Michael Drayton
Poems
* Samuel Daniel
Poems
A Defence of Ryme
* Thomas Nashe
The Unfortunate Traveller
* Thomas Kyd
The Spanish Tragedy
* William Shakespeare
Plays and Poems
* Thomas Campion
Songs
* John Donne
Poems
Sermons
* Ben Jonson
Poems, Plays, and Masques
* Francis Bacon
Essays
* Robert Burton
The Anatomy of Melancholy
* Sir Thomas Browne
Religio Medici
Hydriotaphia, or Urne-Buriall
The Garden of Cyrus
* Thomas Hobbes
Leviathan
* Robert Herrick
Poems
* Thomas Carew
Poems
* Richard Lovelace
Poems
* Andrew Marvell
Poems
* George Herbert
The Temple
* Thomas Traherne
Centuries, Poems, and Thanksgivings
* Henry Vaughan
Poetry
* John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester
Poems
* Richard Crashaw
Poems
* Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher
Plays
* George Chapman
Comedies, Tragedies, Poems
* John Ford
‘Tis Pity She’s a Whore
* John Marston
The Malcontent
* John Webster
The White Devil
The Duchess of Malfi
* Thomas Middleton and William Rowley
The Changeling
* Cyril Tourneur
The Revenger’s Tragedy
* Philip Massinger
A New Way to Pay Old Debts
* John Bunyan
The Pilgrim’s Progress
* Izaak Walton
The Compleat Angler
* John Milton
Paradise Lost
Paradise Regained
Lycidas, Comus, and the Minor Poems
Samson Agonistes
Areopagitica
* John Aubrey
Brief Lives
* Jeremy Taylor
Holy Dying
* Samuel Butler
Hudibras
* John Dryden
Poetry and Plays
Critical Essays
* Thomas Otway
Venice Preserv’d
* William Congreve
The Way of the World
Love for Love
* Jonathan Swift
A Tale of a Tub
Gulliver’s Travels
Shorter Prose Works
Poems
* Sir George Etherege
The Man of Mode
* Alexander Pope
Poems
* John Gay
The Beggar’s Opera
* James Boswell
Life of Johnson
Journals
* Samuel Johnson
Works
* Edward Gibbon
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
* Edmund Burke
A Philosophical Enquiry into…the Sublime and Beautiful
Reflections on the Revolution in France
* Maurice Morgann
An Essay on the Dramatic Character of Sir John Falstaff
* William Collins
Poems
* George Farquhar
The Beaux’ Strategem
The Recruiting Officer
* William Wycherley
The Country Wife
The Plain Dealer
* Christopher Smart
Jubilate Agno
A Song to David
* Oliver Goldsmith
The Vicar of Wakefield
She Stoops to Conquer
The Traveller
The Deserted Village
* Richard Brinsley Sheridan
The School of Scandal
The Rivals
* William Cowper
Poetical Works
* George Crabbe
Poetical Works
* Daniel Defoe
Moll Flanders
Robinson Crusoe
A Journal of the Plague Year
* Samuel Richardson
Clarissa
Pamela
Sir Charles Grandison
* Henry Fielding
Joseph Andrews
The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
* Tobias Smollett
The Expedition of Humphry Clinker
The Adventures of Roderick Random
* Laurence Sterne
The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman
A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy
* Fanny Burney
Evelina
* Joseph Addison and Richard Steele
The Spectator
France
* Jean Froissart
Chronicles
* The Song of Roland
* François Villon
Poems
* Michel de Montaigne
Essays
* François Rabelais
Gargantua and Pantagruel
* Marguerite de Navarre
The Heptameron
* Joachim Du Bellay
The Regrets
* Maurice Scève
Délie
* Pierre Ronsard
Odes, Elegies, Sonnets
* Philippe de Commynes
Memoirs
* Agrippa d’Aubigné
Les Tragiques
* Robert Garnier
Mark Antony
The Jewesses
* Pierre Corneille
The Cid
Polyeucte
Nicomède
Horace
Cinna
Rodogune
* François de La Rochefoucauld
Maxims
* Jean de La Fontaine
Fables
* Molière
The Misanthrope
Tartuffe
The School for Wives
The Learned Ladies
Don Juan
School for Husbands
Ridiculous Precieuses
The Would-Be Gentleman
The Miser
The Imaginary Invalid
* Blaise Pascal
Pensées
* Jacques-Bénigne Bosuet
Funerary Orations
* Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux
The Art of Poetry
Lutrin
* Jean Racine
Phaedra
Andromache
Britannicus
Athaliah
* Pierre Carlet de Marivaux
Seven Comedies
* Jean-Jacques Rousseau
The Confessions
Émile
La Nouvelle Héloïse
* Voltaire
Zadig
Candide
Letters on England
The Lisbon Earthquake
* Abbé Prévost
Manon Lescaut
* Madame de La Fayette
The Princess of Cleves
* Sébastien-Roch Nicolas de Chamfort
Products of the Perfected Civilization
* Denis Diderot
Rameau’s Nephew
* Choderlos de Laclos
Dangerous Liaisons
Germany
* Erasmus
In Praise of Folly
* Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Faust, Parts One and Two
Dichtung und Wahrheit
Egmont
Elective Affinities
The Sorrows of Young Werther
Poems
Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship
Wilhelm Meister’s Years of Wandering
Italian Journey
Verse Plays
Hermann and Dorothea
Roman Elegies
Venetian Epigrams
West-Eastern Divan
* Friedrich Schiller
The Robbers
Mary Stuart
Wallenstein
Don Carlos
On the Naïve and Sentimental in Literature
* Gotthold Lessing
Laocoön
Nathan the Wise
* Freidrich Hölderlin
Hymns and Fragments
Selected Poems
* Heinrich von Kleist
Five Plays
Stories